Which of the following is a common pest in corn affecting root systems?

The corn rootworm is a significant pest affecting the root systems of corn plants. This pest is particularly detrimental because the larvae feed on the roots, which can lead to reduced nutrient and water absorption and ultimately impact the overall health and yield of the corn crop. The presence of corn rootworm can result in stunted growth, increased susceptibility to drought stress, and lower grain production, making it a key target for pest management strategies in corn cultivation.

Other pests mentioned, while they may affect corn, do not primarily target the root systems. Japanese beetles tend to feed on the foliage and silk of the corn plant, while the European corn borer is known for its damage to the ears and stalks. The fall armyworm primarily affects the leaves and can devastate foliage but does not directly impact root health. Therefore, the corn rootworm stands out as the specific pest that most significantly affects the root systems of corn.